External link: http://swutc.tamu.edu/publications/technicalreports/600451-00067-1.pdf

Publication date: October 1, 2013

Capsule summary: This research uses models to examine the relationship between land use and energy consumption in neighborhoods.

Author(s): Nichols, Brice; Kockelman, Kara

Publisher(s): Southwest Region University Transportation Center Texas A&M Transportation Institute

Definition: Planning practices for pedestrians, bikes and transit
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Definition: Examining the environmental impacts of transportation
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Definitions: Passenger transportation services
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Definitions: The movement of people
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Definition: A federally funded transportation policy-making organization, comprised of local government representatives and transportation authorities
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Definition: Administrative subdivision of a state
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Definition: A large urban area
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Description: In order to optimize energy use and minimize pollution, policy makers must have an understanding of the sources of neighborhood energy consumption. In this report, researchers explore the land use patterns of four neighborhoods in Austin, Texas through the use of energy models. The research provides insights into tools that can be used to develop energy saving techniques in a holistic built environment (BE) context.

Objectives: The objective of this research is to determine effective analytical methods for evaluating energy consumption in various contexts. One model was used to estimate energy consumption based on the operational use by residential, commercial, and public properties. The embodied energy model considers the energy expended when constructing built structures, and estimates consumption dependent on materials used and the lifespans of neighborhood features. Another model estimates consumption in an elastic context, accounting for changes in land use and travel behavior when calculating total consumption. The models can be used to guide BE development and inform infrastructure decisions with attention to patterns of energy use.

Findings: he research explored trends relating energy consumption to land use patterns, and guides decision-making based on a holistic view of community assets through the use of models. The team found that fuel use and energy input into transportation infrastructure were key areas of improvement for energy efficiency.

Recommendations: For communities seeking to reduce energy consumption, various analytical tools can provide relevant planning insights. Urban planning plays a critical role in determining a neighborhood’s energy efficiency. Analysis of existing structures and alternative solutions can inform urban planners and facilitate the development of efficient practices for urban communities.

Research Theme: Environment, Planning for Pedestrians, Bikes, and Transit

Community Type: City, Suburb

Transportation Mode: Personal, Transit

Planning Scope:

Organization Type: City, County, MPO or RPO

Planning Subject: City Planning, Development, Facility or Land Use, Forecasting, Land Use Planning, Plan Implementation, Planning Methods, Sustainable Development