External link: https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Srvy_JobsProximity.pdf
Publication date: March 1, 2015
Capsule summary: This report analyzes the effects of suburbanization on job opportunities in recent years as commute distances have grown.
Author(s): Kneebone, Elizabeth; Holmes, Natalie
Publisher(s): Brookings Institution: Metropolitan Policy Program
Definition: Data analysis techniques for transportation planning
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Definition: A federally funded transportation policy-making organization, comprised of local government representatives and transportation authorities
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Definition: Governmental agency focused on transportation
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Definition: Administrative subdivision of a state
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Definition: A large urban area
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Definition: Report published by a governmental body or other organization (e.g. FHWA, NAS, etc.)
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Description: Commute distances are especially important to those with low income, as the cost of commuting may be a constraint. As urban populations move to the suburbs, distance from available job opportunities often increases for the typical resident. This project aims to analyze the distribution of economic opportunity.
Objectives: The objective of this report is to establish a baseline and observe changes over time for job proximity among members of metropolitan populations. An understanding of the effects of suburbanization on job accessibility can assist policy makers in allocating and distributing resources throughout their community, so as to grow their economy.
Findings: For the typical metropolitan resident, job opportunities fell significantly between 2000 and 2012. Job proximity fell for both city and suburban residents as suburbanization increased, and job proximity more dramatically declined for high-poverty and minority residents. For typical suburban residents, job proximity fell 7% while it fell 17% and 16% respectively for members of high-poverty and majority-minority suburban neighborhoods.
Recommendations: This report recommends that policy makers direct attention towards broadening job availability in order to help the economy grow. Public policy holds the potential to eliminate employment barriers and direct urban development to support the development of the labor market. Policies such as discounted transit fares for low-income users and targeting locations for housing developments in proximity to job opportunities can alleviate the burden on vulnerable community members.
Research Theme: Innovative Data Analysis
Community Type:
Transportation Mode:
Planning Scope:
Organization Type: City, County, DOT, MPO or RPO
Planning Subject: Analysis, Evaluation and Assessment, Forecasting, Planning Methods